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Перевод: bilingualism

[существительное]
билингвизм

Тезаурус:

1. Apart from the argument that there is simply too much government (eleven state parliaments and governments, a bi-cameral federal parliament and a federal cabinet with 39 ministers, all for a country with less than half the population of Britain (26 million)), it seems clear that the policy of bilingualism has rendered the government opaque and bureaucratic.
2. Ahlgren (1982) describes the beginnings of this bilingualism where a "formal description" of written and spoken language is being found through sign language.
3. This has been the practice in many countries internationally, but our sudden realisation of its effectiveness in creating bilingualism has made it the major discovery in language acquisition.
4. Criticisms of the view of auditory deprivation (Bench, 1979) and of bilingualism (Arnold, 1982) tend to miss the point that language acquisition occurs through interaction.
5. starting from statements about what it is important for children to know about language: e.g. its uses in literature, language variation, bilingualism, language change, ambiguities and problems in communication, the writing system, etc.;
6. We can therefore suggest that bilingualism is an acceptable concept within education.
7. Gustason's (1983) findings on positive views of ASL by teachers is augmented by Stewart's (1983) finding of attitudinal change towards ASL being part of deaf children's bilingualism.
8. At the same time, we have still a great deal of development work to do to make the bilingualism which has become so accepted in other language fields directly applicable to deaf education.
9. Bilingualism
10. Finally, with respect to language issues, a variety of debates are still in progress and it is premature to draw firm conclusions; however, there is some evidence to suggest that bilingualism may actually enhance educational performance (Houlton, 1986), that in the case of Afro-Caribbean pupils there may well be "dialect interference", although it is clear too that some of the problems here may derive from the negative attitudes of teachers towards Creole (Edwards, 1979), and that in the case of some Bangladeshi pupils lack of familiarity with English may be an obstacle to academic achievement (House of Commons Home Affairs Committee, 1986).
11. This adds greater pressure to the bilingual setting, but is the first real attempt to consider the implications of bilingualism for deaf children.
12. We now need to consider how one makes this decision, how it is theoretically justified and whether the end point of bilingualism may be an inevitable consequence of the initial steps of educators.
13. Efforts to create bilingualism by means of bilingual schooling - as, for example, in the immersion programme in Canada - are likely to be more successful than conventional language teaching as a subject because the language is treated in school as a medium rather than as a subject.